Consequences of Pakistan’s Non-Renewable and Renewable Energy Sources to the Environmental Footprint

Abstract

This study looks at Pakistan's energy usage, both renewable and nonrenewable, as a significant contributor to carbon emissions. The study uses a nonlinear auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) to analyze data from 1980 to 2021. The findings indicate that the country's overall carbon emissions are barely impacted by the deployment of renewable energy. This is mostly because nonrenewable resources like coal and natural gas are the main causes of pollution in Pakistan's energy sector. However, the paper notes that there is a direct correlation between economic growth and carbon emissions in the nonrenewable energy sector. Perhaps because of its smaller share of Pakistan's overall energy mix. Further nonlinear analytic theorem has shown the limited impact of renewable energy in addressing environmental issues. The study concludes that the only way to address environmental issues is to increase the share of renewable energy.

Keywords: Renewable energy Consumption, Non-renewable energy consumption, Economic growth, Carbon emission, Coal, Natural Gas, ARDL Model, Bound Test,WDI,BP(British Petroleum)