THE INTERSECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND SOCIAL JUSTICE IN ISLAM: ANALYZING HISTORICAL CONTEXT, CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

Abstract

The intersection of human rights and social justice in Islam is deeply rooted in the Quran and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), emphasizing the inherent dignity of all individuals and the obligation to establish equity, compassion, and fairness in society. Historically, Islam introduced revolutionary principles such as the equality of all humans, protection of life and property, and rights for women, children, and marginalized groups, as exemplified in the Constitution of Medina and the Farewell Sermon. However, contemporary Muslim societies face significant challenges in realizing these ideals, including authoritarianism, political instability, gender discrimination, and the misinterpretation of Islamic teachings. Tensions between traditional Islamic values and modern human rights frameworks, particularly regarding freedom of expression, minority rights, and gender equality, further complicate the discourse. To address these issues, there is a pressing need for ijtihad (independent reasoning) to reinterpret Islamic teachings in alignment with contemporary human rights standards. Collaborative efforts among scholars, policymakers, and activists are essential to promote education, reform discriminatory laws, and foster inclusive societies. Additionally, interfaith dialogue and the use of technology can bridge gaps between Islamic principles and universal human rights norms. By revisiting Islamic teachings and adapting them to modern realities, Muslim societies can uphold the timeless values of dignity, justice, and compassion, paving the way for a more equitable future. This approach not only respects Islamic heritage but also addresses the evolving demands of human rights in a globalized world, ensuring a harmonious balance between tradition and progress.

Keywords: Human Rights, Social Justice, Islam, Quran, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), Constitution Of Medina, Farewell Sermon, Equality, Gender Discrimination, Ijtihad, Interfaith Dialogue, Freedom Of Expression, Minority Rights, Education, Technology