Interfaith Harmony in Pakistan and the World: Policy Developments and Grassroots Efforts to Counter Religious Extremism and Hate Speech.

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17501867

Abstract

This research article examines the dynamics of interfaith harmony in Pakistan and the world, focusing on policy developments and grassroots efforts to counter religious extremism and hate speech. Using a qualitative approach grounded in Contact Theory, the study analyses international and Pakistani interfaith policies, including the comprehensive Interfaith Harmony Policy 2025 and the National Action Plan. It highlights the critical role of grassroots initiatives such as the Peace and Education Foundation in transforming attitudes and preventing violence at the community level. The research identifies persistent gaps between policy formulation and implementation, due to weak coordination, political challenges, and resource constraints, and emphasises civil society’s vital role in bridging these divides. Drawing comparative insights from global cases, the study offers practical recommendations for integrated multi-stakeholder approaches, sustained funding, educational reforms, and enhanced legal safeguards. This work contributes to the understanding of how synergistic policy-practice integration can foster sustainable interfaith harmony and offers directions for future research in this vital area of peacebuilding.